Internet Governance Forum Open Consultations 
Geneva, Switzerland 16 September, 2008

Note: The following is the output of the real-time captioning taken during the
 Open Consultations on the Internet Governance Forum, in Geneva on
 16 September in Geneva, Switzerland. Although it is largely accurate, in some
 cases it may be incomplete or inaccurate due to inaudible passages or
 transcription errors. It is posted as an aid to understanding the proceedings
 at the session, but should not be treated as an authoritative record.

[ Gavel. ]

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Good morning.  May I welcome you, the newly constituted
Multistakeholder Advisory Group to Geneva.  I would like to take this
opportunity of also welcoming some of the members of the previous group who are
here and to really thank everybody who has been involved in this process in the
first MAG, potentially those who are no longer part of the new MAG, for the work
that they have put in and the continued commitment to support this work, which
is testified by the presence at this meeting.  But as you know, we have had --
decided that the MAG must have some turnover in order to ensure that fresh blood
comes in. Anyhow, the new MAG has been constituted, and this is, in effect, the
first meeting of the new MAG.  And there are several members here who are
participating for the first time.  And I welcome them and look forward to
working closely with them, as closely as we have worked with other members of
the MAG in the past. The primary task of the MAG, of course, is the organization
of the Internet Governance Forum.  This is an open consultation where the
members of the MAG are present, but there are many others who are not members of
the MAG.  And the whole idea behind open consultations is to provide that
broader outreach.  And the whole idea is that we listen to what people have to
say before the MAG meets so that the MAG can take on board. I mention all this
because I know that people who have been part of the Multistakeholder Advisory
Group in the past are familiar with the logic of this arrangement, which -- but
I was just mentioning this for the new members who have joined the MAG now.  And
I hope that the MAG members will listen very carefully to what's going on and
will refer to it when we meet tomorrow and the day after to do the more detailed
work in planning for the Hyderabad meeting. The agenda for -- this is, of
course, in many ways the primary task of this meeting.  A draft agenda has been
sent around through the Internet.  And the elements on that agenda are, of
course, the adoption of the agenda, the discussion on the agenda and program of
the Hyderabad meeting.  We -- the third item would be the -- a presentation on
the logistical arrangements.  We have a team from India present here, including
the permanent secretary of the ministry of -- the department dealing with
information technology in Hyderabad itself is also here.  He is one of the key
organizers of this event, apart from the people from the federal government. 
And we'll get a briefing from them on where are we on the logistical
arrangements.  And I'm sure some of you will have questions, which I hope they
will be able to respond to. We have, after that, a -- another item, which is the
report, some discussion, on the dynamic coalitions.  These are the ones which
emerged from Athens and again in Rio.  These are the coalitions which have been
formed for the purposes of pursuing specific areas of action, since the IGF
itself is not an executive body, it's not even a legislative body.  And it's,
essentially, a discussion forum.  But there are dynamic coalitions which are
pursuing specific things.  And we will have a discussion on this matter after we
discuss the Hyderabad arrangements. A further item that we need to discuss here
is the whole question of the mandate that we have to advise the
Secretary-General on the whole question of the desirability of the continuation
of the forum.  This is something that we have started discussing in the past. 
But even though the forum has -- if you like, only two of the five meetings have
been held -- the third one will be held in December; two more are to be held
still from the five-year mandate that we have -- our feeling was that we need to
start a discussion on the modalities of the evaluation of how the forum has
functioned, what its role is, in order to be able to do this work in good time,
so that the Secretary-General can take a considered view when we come towards
the end of the mandate of the forum in 2010. These are the items that we have. 
To repeat, the Hyderabad discussion, meeting agenda and program, the logistical
arrangements for it; a discussion on the dynamic coalitions; a discussion on the
review process that we should be following; and, of course, any other business
that any member, any participant present here may wish to raise. So with your
permission, I would like to take this as the agenda for this open consultation.
Thank you. [ Gavel. ]

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Let me then begin with a discussion, then, of the agenda and
program of the Hyderabad meeting.  And let me first turn to Markus Kummer to
walk us through the arrangements, what we have agreed so far and what is it that
we need to discuss -- sorry.  United States.

>>UNITED STATES:   Thank you, secretary. We'd like to take this opportunity to
thank the secretariat for convening this meeting.  The United States takes the
opportunity afforded by the Internet Governance Forum secretariat to make
suggestions with regard to the preparation of the third meeting in Hyderabad,
India, in December 2008.  We would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge
the hard work and dedication of the IGF secretariat in its efforts to ensure
that the IGF process --

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Could you do that after the -- just started this -- do you
mind?  I thought you wanted to comment on the agenda.  But you want to comment
on the Hyderabad arrangements.  Let Markus introduce it and then I can call on
you first.

>>:Thank you.

>>MARKUS KUMMER:   Thank you, Chairman.  Let me start with an apology.  The
agenda has the wrong year.  It says 16 September 2007, and, of course, it should
be 2008.  I have a very bad habit.  I always work on old documents and work on
them and update them.  And here I forgot to update the year. Also, I'm not sure
whether we were able to upload all the project documents we received and the
contributions on the Web site.  They started accumulating in the past few days. 
Some of them also got lost, I noticed, in our overefficient spam filter.  But
this will be done in the next few days.  We are also in the process of updating,
upgrading our Web site.  We will revamp it and migrate it to a CMS, content
management system, which will be easier to navigate, more intuitive, and we'll
have more community tools available for participants.  I'm sure that will be
welcomed by the wider community. As it happens, we have consolidated the
proposals over the past few months we have received.  And we are in the process
of preparing a detailed schedule of the meeting, of what the meeting could look
like.  We're not quite there yet.  But the broad principles are that we want to
have the workshops ahead of the related main sessions so that they can feed into
the main sessions, and we want to avoid duplication with the main session.  That
is, that any workshop related to access should not be held in parallel with
another workshop related to access, and they should not be held in parallel with
the main session related to access, and security, and so on. In terms of, the
facilities will allow us to accommodate all the workshops that are listed now on
our Web site.  We have a total of 98 slots.  We don't need to fill in all the
slots.  We will leave slots open for meetings, ad hoc meetings that various
stakeholder groups may wish to have in Hyderabad.  And we will also -- no
official meetings will be held, as that was expressed by stakeholders, during
the lunch hour, so that there is time, breathing space, for networking.  And no
official meeting will start after 6:00 in the evening. These were, I think, two
broad points made when we took stock after the Rio meeting. You will have
noticed that the workshops that are posted on our Web site have color-coding. 
We have green as workshops that fulfill the criteria of multistakeholder
participation and multiple perspectives.  We have workshops that are in amber. 
That is, they fulfilled them not quite fully, be it the names have not been
submitted or be it that they're not multistakeholder enough.  And I think
there's one workshop left that is in red.  But -- where more needs to be done to
flesh out the proposal. We have been working in the past few months on the main
session workshops.  That was a process driven by proponents of workshops that
are now merging or in the process of merging to join forces for a main session
workshop.  And they are assisted by volunteers from the -- I noticed you said
MAG, the acronym.  I always say MAG.  So maybe we should have an agenda item on
how to say so.  I stick to MAG -- by MAG volunteers. And the new members have
also started joining in.  And I think one way to take the discussion forward
would be to ask the various leads of the main session workshops to give us a
status report of where we are in this regard, as the main interest, presumably,
will be on the main sessions. I think that is more or less the broad picture,
and I'll leave it at that. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Before I open the floor, can I perhaps also suggest that we
listen to the -- I hope most of them are there -- the people who are organizing
the main workshops, there are one, two, three, four, five -- six, six workshops
which are directly connected with the principal sessions.  And if I may, with
your permission, I would just like to call on them to make a quick -- give us a
quick update on where are we on the organization of these, what we described
last time as sort of, if you like, the key workshops connected with the main
sessions. First, on the workshop on access, with the subtheme was reaching the
next billion, someone from -- there's Karen, if you could, just tell us where we
are on this.

>>KAREN BANKS:   Can you hear me?

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Yes, I can.

>>KAREN BANKS:   Fine.  Thanks. The main session on access is a group thus far
including BASIS ICC, ISOC, Nokia Siemens, APC, the CSGMS from India, and PKI
ISOC.  We've had some good discussions the last couple of weeks and submitted an
updated proposal which will focus on access, reaching the next billions, with an
"S."  And one of the main things that we thought important to notice that we are
now talking about more than one billion, and some two and a half, if we include
the mobile connected. The main session will focus on three aspects of access to
the Internet, which will help bring Internet to the next billion or billions of
people:  Demand, supply and development.  And we'll explore each of these layers
through the lens of governance and related issues.  We're hoping to support the
whole process by developing a background paper, working with the different
members of the group, providing opportunities to anyone who's interested to
contribute in terms of comments, questions, so on, so forth. We have an initial
list of proposed speakers and moderators that have been submitted to the
secretariat.  And we will continue working from today with those groups. I think
that's probably about it for now.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   The next one is the -- main session workshop feeding into
multilingualism and diversity.  Patrik Fältström was leading the work on that.

>>PATRIK FÄLSTRÖM:   (No audio). Now, okay. So where we are on this workshop is
that we have just reached consensus that we are going to focus on the ability
for people using small languages and languages all over the world and enabling
them to be able to communicate, to be able to create content and information in
their own language and in their own script.  And then starting with that, we are
trying to look at what are the actual needs to be able to do that, like
localized software, and -- as secondary needs.  And then as tertiary needs,
internationalized domain names and internationalized identifiers. We are trying
to look now for panelists and other kind of organization -- people that can talk
about experiences regarding helping people to communicate.  And we are going to
meet tomorrow morning before the MAG meeting in the cafeteria for people who are
interested to talk more about this issue. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. The -- on the security side, we have two workshops
leading in.  One is, are we losing the battle against cybercrime.  Marilyn Cade.
 Is she here? Marilyn.

>>MARILYN CADE:   Thank you. I'm very pleased to be able to report on behalf of
my fellow organizers, we have a number of workshops that have agreed to come
together, and we span a very broad and diverse group.  Council of Europe, WITSA,
DiploFoundation, the Global Internet Policy Initiative, the ITU, ISOC.  So we're
bringing together four existing workshops.  And we're pretty far along in
identifying speakers.  We have identified a moderator.  We have, I believe, the
commitment of a chairman for the session. Our focus is on looking at -- what we
hope to do is provide a fairly well-defined mapping of the different challenges
and issues regarding security of the Internet and on the Internet.  And we will
map out the threats and the challenges, the different kinds of illegitimate or
illegal behavior and attacks, and identify a wide number of the actors who are
engaged in addressing these challenges. We also plan to address how the
challenges will change as we connect the next billion and then the next billion,
driven by the different -- the vast increase in numbers of users and the
diversity of applications and content that will be accessed via the Internet. So
we'll be working to finalize the workshop speakers and to formalize and get in
final form the complete list of speakers for the workshop over the next -- I
hope next few days.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   The next one is again feeding into the security session.  And
that's -- the title is fostering security, privacy, and openness. Ask can I call
on Andrea Beccalli.

>>ANDREA BECCALLI:  Good morning, Mr. Chairman.  Thank you. Well, the
organization of the main session workshop on fostering security, privacy, and
openness, I will say is going rather well.  We had further discussions with the
workshop proponents.  Now we could finalize and narrow down the theme of the
workshop.  So we will have a brief introduction where we present the link
between the three notions presented in the main -- in the title of the workshop.
 So, namely, security, privacy, and openness. And then we will explain why we
will focus on the issue between -- the balance between privacy and data
protection and try to explicate the intricate relationships between security,
privacy, and openness. This workshop is also trying to have as much as we can a
multistakeholder component and include a broad geographic representation.  We
try to involve also local authorities and communities from the region, from the
(saying name) region. I should say that the process of merging the workshop
presented some difficulties at the beginning also, because it's something new. 
We haven't been faced to such exercise. It will be nice also to share this
experience with the other workshop -- main session workshop organizers to see
how we can, in a way, figure out a common way probably or some suggestion for
the next IGF on how to undertake these merging process.  Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you.  That's a good thought, and I hope we take that up
in the MAG -- sorry, MAG, when we meet tomorrow and the day after. Then the --
for the fourth main session, of course, as you know, it begins with the whole
issue of governance, Internet governance.  And there are two sets of workshops. 
One is on the transition from IPv4 to identification.  And is Adiel here? 
Adiel's not here? Can somebody else brief us on where we are on this?  Chris? 
Milton.

>>MILTON MUELLER:   Milton.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Milton.

>>MILTON MUELLER:   If you'll hold on a second, I'm going to have to bring up a
document.  I didn't know that I was going to be doing this.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Maybe I can ask the next people while do you that. Then Bill
Graham, if you can tell us where we are on the workshops dealing with
arrangements for Internet governance, global, national, regional. Bill.

>>BILL GRAHAM:   There we go. Yes.  Thank you. I think we're a little slow on
this, because the debate has been back and forth quite a bit on a few topics. 
But I think we're converging on a -- an acceptable description and set of
speakers fairly rapidly now that we've been through those more fundamental
issues. We have a group of 14 working on this, merging two workshop proposals
with some additional inputs to make sure that we deliver a good discussion on
arrangements for Internet governance at the national, regional, and global
levels. So I'm quite confident that during the next day or two, we'll be able to
achieve agreement and post the details. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Milton, on the -- this is on the IPv4 to IPv6 transition.

>>MILTON MUELLER:   Okay.  All right, the workshop.

>>:Microphone, please.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Mike.

>>MILTON MUELLER:   Okay? So this workshop involved not only the migration from
IPv4 to IPv6, but also the regional Internet registries as governance
institutions. We're going to cover the following points:  The introduction,
setting the scene, what is the nature of the problem in addressing?  Solutions
for the problem, and challenges facing the deployment of IPv6. We're talking
about the operational as well as the social and economic factors and the
policies and incentives that would be involved.  And also looking at the future.
We will have 8 different panelists, and a few discussants.  And these panelists
and discussants will come from five or six different organizations, including
several representatives of the regional Internet address registries. I think I
would like to reinforce the comments that the delegate from UNESCO made that the
process of merging these workshops was very interesting, and we would need clear
parameters in the future. For example, some people propose basically starting
from scratch with the agenda and program, and others viewed it more as trying to
merge the prior proposals.  And the people who had put in proposals were very
concerned that their -- since they had withdrawn their workshops, that they not
be -- everything that they wanted to do would not be lost in the process of the
merger. It also was not exactly clear -- This is a very important issue,
actually.  Some people said that the purpose of the panel was purely sort of
educational and informational, talking about best practices.  Others said that
it should be about the policy discussions. So we have, I think, in this merger,
come down somewhere in between there, but I would think it essential to clarify
that.  That we certainly want to be talking about policy in the Internet
Governance Forum. I think that's all, unless there's any questions.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. And so we have just heard from the six -- what we
call the six main session workshops.  And the floor is now open.  And may I
first call on the United States.

>>UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:  I apologize for our earlier eagerness to get the
statement read.  I have copies of the statement.  I won't read it all.  I will
just go through the high points, if you can call them those. We recall that the
establishment of the IGF was one of the key outputs of WSIS where world leaders
asked the U.N. Secretary-General in an open and inclusive process to convene
this new multistakeholder policy dialogue as well as to report to the U.N.
member states periodically.  We reiterate our commitment to the results of WSIS.
The promise of the IGF, which is an open and inclusive dialogue among all
stakeholders of the international Internet community, to discuss critical issues
concerning the future of the Internet is viewed by the United States as a
positive development. The United States continues to believe that the IGF should
be a truly multistakeholder event. Therefore, it is important that processes and
procedures be as transparent as possible. The United States again thanks the IGF
Secretariat and the Multistakeholder Advisory Group for continuing to facilitate
this dialogue and for coordinating the program, agenda and format in Hyderabad
in December 2008. We also would like to endorse the comments made by ISOC on the
program agenda in August 2008. We anticipate that we will offer additional views
on other appropriate occasions regarding the program, agenda, and forum of the
third meeting. Thank you again.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   The floor is now open for comments on the agenda and program of
the -- yes.

>> ANDREA SAKS:  Thank you, Mr. Chairman. My name is Andrea Saks, and I am the
coordinator of the dynamic coalition on accessibility and disability. I would
like to make a comment directed at Patrik Fälström, if I may. I believe he said
he was looking for, if I understood him correctly, more people to present. And
we were only granted 90 minutes in the regular session, not in the main session.
I have speakers coming out of my ears on the subject. And some of them directly
relate to the specific subject that he mentioned, which deals with language and
people who are indigenous and do not necessarily have a written language. I have
somebody specific for that. I would like to just put it to the group here that
maybe some of our people can work together, and we can expand the diversity area
in -- great, I got a yes.  That's all I needed.  That's fine. Thank you very
much.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Good. This is the purpose of this.  This is one example of the
advantage of the open consultation, that something comes up which actually helps
matters. Who else wants to comment on the agenda and program of the Hyderabad
meeting? Because the main focus now is -- last time we discussed this, we did
have a certain understanding. Yes, I have Canada, is that?  Yes.

>>CANADA:   Thank you, Chair. At this time, I would like to make a few remarks
regarding the agenda and program for Hyderabad. Canada supports the overall
theme for the Hyderabad IGF of "Internet for All," as well as the guiding
principle of maintaining and reinforcing the informal, interactive,
multistakeholder format of the forum. In Canada's view, it is further important
to not lose sight of the ongoing cross-cutting theme of development and capacity
building as the format and themes of the IGF continue to evolve. Regarding the
general session debates, advance preparation with the careful involvement of the
session moderators will help ensure a broad and productive dialogue for all
participants. Moderators could receive questions and discussion topics
beforehand, and draw upon this material to help structure the exchange. The
"taking stock" and "the way forward" session currently proposed for the
Hyderabad program could provide a first opportunity for participants to provide
feedback on the format of the Hyderabad meeting. In closing, Canada may also
have comments this afternoon on item 5, review of the desirability of the
continuation of the forum. Canada looks forward to Hyderabad in December and
thanks to the Indian government for hosting the third IGF. Thank you, Chair.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you.  Karen Banks from APC.

>>KAREN BANKS:  Thank you, Chair. It's more a practical question that maybe we
can talk about now or tomorrow the MAG could discuss, how the main session and
the debates are going to be linked in practice.  What kind of mechanisms will
there be to ensure that there are linkages in terms of outcomes from the main
session feeding into the debate. The moderators, will we, as in the past, have
moderators from the broadcasting union?  Do the main session organizers have to
be thinking about moderators for the debate session? How many people -- Just
these kinds of questions, so that we can think about this main session
holistically in our planning. The second point is actually about the workshop
reports. I wanted to acknowledge the work that the Secretariat's done in terms
of providing statistics on processing in the IGF, which is very useful.  And
because of a little bit of research I was doing, I asked for more information
about the work and discovered that there are also -- there's also some gender
disaggregated data.  And I would like to suggest that to be able to use that
information more effectively that workshop reports, and main session reports,
include gender disaggregated data in terms of speakers, panelists and
moderators.  I think that would be very useful. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. One thing that we need as well from this discussion,
which we need to talk about in the MAG, is the procedure and modalities for the
merger of workshops to constitute what we have called the main session
workshops. The second, related to that, which Karen has just raised, is the link
between this and the debate in the session itself. And I'm just trying to draw
the lessons out which we need to focus on as we move on. Any further comments,
remarks on the agenda and program? Marilyn.

>>MARILYN CADE:   Thank you, Mr. Chairman.  And I am speaking on behalf of ITAA,
the Information Technology Association of America. My comments this morning will
be brief and I will make further comments this afternoon. We'd like to thank the
executive Secretariat and the MAG for their work, and also the host country of
India.  We'll make further comments of appreciation later. Today, for this
morning, what I would like to comment on is the importance of the, we believe,
the truly multistakeholder nature that should be reflected in totality
throughout the agenda, and increasing efforts be made to try to grow and
increase the gender diversity and regional diversity of participation in all of
the sessions. We fully support the general program and the selection of the
theme "Internet for All," and would like to see that theme carefully reflected
in the open forums, in the best practice sessions, and in the workshops.  And we
know that is truly the goal that everyone is trying to strive for. We do have a
comment that is, I think, reflective of a comment made by Karen Banks.  And I'll
start by saying we would like to see the title of the afternoon sessions changed
from "debate" to "dialogue and debate." As we said in our May submission, we
actually believe that the term "debate" may be presupposing disagreement rather
than different perspectives, and striving for understanding of views. We do
think that there should be a flexible but identifiable link between the main
workshop sessions in the morning and the debate dialogue in the afternoon.  And
we think that there should be a bit of structure offered to perhaps encourage
submissions of some initial kick-off topics for those afternoon sessions, so the
moderator, working with the MAG, could sort of build an initial build-up of
identified participants, keeping the afternoon dialogue debates as interactive
as possible. Thank you, and I will come back with later comments, as
appropriate, later.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   So the proposed idea is that we call the afternoon session
dialogue -- Debate and dialogue, rather than just debate. Invite comments,
reflections on the title, if you like, of the afternoon session. Remember, to
remind people, we are moving forward from the previous two IGFs in this IGF by
this greater structuring of the workshops and, if you like, the big main
sessions. And the idea was that we have -- the morning, it is very oriented,
where the panel would be there, there will be discussion of very specific
issues, exchange of information on best practice, all sorts of things. And the
idea is that from the morning, we distill some important themes or lessons which
are then the focus of the debate in the afternoon. And the point is well taken
that the intention is not that we think that there will be some proposing a
point and somebody else opposing it.  We will be much more complex than that,
and in that sense, what Marilyn is suggesting is to use the term "dialogue."  We
can debate and dialogue rather than just debate. May I invite any further
comments that people have on this. Yes, Bill Graham.

>>BILL GRAHAM:   Thank you, Mr. Chairman. ISOC submitted a paper on this that's
available on the Web site. I would just like to -- since we are talking about
the main session debates, we would really support the notion of changing the
title to "dialogue and debate." The whole concept of an open debate seems to us,
in ISOC, to have a bit of a cultural bias, and it isn't -- an open debate isn't
something, I believe, that all -- people from all cultures would feel
comfortable in engaging with. So it's really essential that we not -- we try to
make these as open to all participants as possible. We think that the choice of
moderators for the debates is particularly critical here.  And after much
internal discussion, we really think that the moderators should be chosen for
their expertise in the area as well as their ability to chair a meeting. I think
being able to be actively engaged in the debate in the sense of understanding
what the points are, without requiring a lot of discussion on the floor, will
really be quite vital to keep the discussions moving. I also think that we
should open a site on the IGF Web site for people to raise topics for the debate
and dialogue in advance of the meeting. This will help the moderators and the
MAG to prepare for those sessions and ensure that there's a good balance of
views rather than taking a chance of their being capture by any one particular
point of view. I think, also, this may be the solution to the challenge we faced
in past IGFs of how to get rapporteurs from the independent workshops to have
their input into the discussion.  And I think we should take steps to encourage
the rapporteurs from those workshops to enter into the debates to bring the
perspectives that had been raised during their sessions. So I think, generally,
both here and in the MAG session over the next two days, we need to give a lot
of thought as to how these are going to work so we can ensure that they are
successful. I think the final point I would make, and partly this is in the
contribution and partly from my experience working on some of these efforts to
merge main sessions, we really need to spend some time going forward thinking
about how that merging process goes forward, and achieve some agreement and
provide guidance to ensure that these sessions are valuable sessions and not
entirely confined to the inputs from the sessions being merged. That's been a
discussion in a number of the organizing groups, and I think further guidance
could really help with that. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   I have ICC/BASIS, I have Ayesha Hassan, I have ETNO. Ayesha
Hassan?  Yeah.

>>ICC-BASIS:   Thank you, Chair. On behalf of the members of the International
Chamber of Commerce and its initiative business action to support the
Information Society, including businesses and business associations from around
the world, I would like to just draw on some of the comments that have been made
this morning and provide our thoughts. We would join the suggestion by Canada
and ITAA and ISOC to change the name of the afternoon sessions.  We had also
raised concerns in previous input about the use of the word "debate" and what it
connotes.  So "debate and dialogue" would have our support. We would also join
the input from ISOC on the moderators.  We have also discussed this and thought
about the previous IGFs and the experiences.  There certainly maybe some
sessions where the broadcasters that have very kindly provided their services
would be the appropriate type of moderator for the session.  There are other
sessions where the expertise in the subject area and the ability to facilitate
would also achieve one of the other objectives of the IGF in Hyderabad, which is
to truly build on the discussions on these issues that have taken place in the
previous two IGFs. A suggestion for making the afternoon sessions as productive
as possible would be to also consider having the moderators of the afternoon
sessions, and any other experts involved in those sessions, be in the room for
the workshop sessions in the morning.  This will create a good preparation and
enable them to build on the morning discussions. We would also suggest that
consideration be given for the workshops in the morning.  Thinking further about
this since our input in August, we considered that the workshops in the morning
could also help to really set the stage and we might want to consider not
diluting the momentum of interaction by having too much interaction in the
morning, so that a lot of the discussion and exchange can happen in that respect
in the afternoon. We would join others in also emphasizing that the
cross-cutting themes of human and institutional capacity building and meeting
development needs should continue to be a real focus in all of the sessions, and
we would join others in strongly urging close attention to multistakeholder
involvement in the sessions, as well as geographical, gender and regional
diversity. I would also just like to provide one input on a couple of points on
the emerging issues sessions.  We support the idea put forward by ISOC in their
written contribution to include the views of entrepreneurs on emerging issues on
Internet governance.  And we, too, appreciate the important entrepreneurial
community in India.  We would also encourage the involvement of entrepreneurs
from India, the South Asia region and the world.  And to keep the balance of
input on emerging issues coming in from a range of stakeholders from around the
world.  This point of balance and variety of input from stakeholders from around
the world would be a point that we would encourage be kept in mind for all
sessions as the program is further developed. I'll look forward to providing
input on other agenda items, thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Mr. Zahid Jamil from ICC/BASIS.

>>ICC-BASIS:   Thank you, it's a pleasure to be a new member of the mag, and I
would like to make a few points in dealing with the program, I would like to
highlight the important role of the IGF in the main sessions and encouraging
dialogue on cross-cutting policy issues, especially with regard to developing
countries.  Just a few examples are a dispute resolution provider for ccTLDs
locally.  And Pakistan, for instance, was able to develop, wholly and solely
because of the IGF in Athens and then meeting with the Hong Kong (inaudible) in
Nominet of the U.K., and led to an institutional buildup in capacity-building
within the country on a multistakeholder basis which includes not only business,
civil society, but also government interests. Another important policy-making
exercise is with regard to how the IGF caused that to occur in Pakistan was the
(inaudible) data protection rules that have recently been issued by the ministry
of I.T. in Pakistan, but definitely because of the civil society and business
and a lot of the interesting debates and policy discussions that took place at
the IGFs. And the last one is that there is a preparatory at the national level
IGF event that is also being planned this year.  This is important because I
think it must be highlighted that the main sessions in the IGF have an important
role in providing human institutional capacity building and development needs,
especially with regards to policy discussions.  And this should be kept in mind
when looking at the agenda as we go across the next two days. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you very much. I think what was said is quite
interesting, that I think we are in our third year, and I think it would be
interesting to document some of the instances where having the IGF has led to
certain very practical results, and he has mentioned some but there are others. 
For instance, the whole area of child protection.  What has happened because of
people finding out things in the IGF which then leads to them to do certain
things. And I think it's very important that we start documenting this. And I
would encourage people who have any knowledge of these things to find some way
of passing it on so that the Secretariat can start putting it together.  Because
I think it's important that we have a sense of what are the types of
interactions which are leading to very valuable, practical results, and see that
we encourage those types of interactions and provide the space for those when we
organize the IGF. Now I have ETNO.  After ETNO, I have (saying name) from El
Salvador, and Mr. Park from the technical university in Delft and then Milton
Mueller and Bertrand De La Chapelle from France.

>>ETNO:   Thank you, Chair, and good morning to you all.  I speak on behalf of
ETNO, which is the European Telecommunications Network Operators. Mr. Chair, we
have submitted a comprehensive written contribution on the program and schedule
of the Hyderabad meeting, and in this intervention I would like to highlight
some of the issues contained there First of all, regarding the overall theme,
"Internet for All," we understand that the title must be short and inspiring. 
However, the title must not create inappropriate anticipations or imply some
form of universal service obligation.  We find "Internet for all" general and
wide ranged, which certainly cannot be exhausted in the Hyderabad meeting. We
have noted that the title and the agenda have been submitted to the U.N.
Secretary-General and cannot be changed, but we would appreciate, however, a
small explanatory text underneath the overall theme setting or, rather, limiting
the framework for the discussions in Hyderabad in order to be more realistic. We
support in principle the new format of the third IGF.  Of course, there is room
for some improvements, particularly in the duration of the main session debates
and the re-introduction of the reporting back sessions.  More specifically, we
suggest keeping the two-hour duration of the main session debates and using the
third hour for the reporting back session. I can give you some more details of
how this can work.  The first day, the extra hour can be used for the opening
ceremony, while the last day where there will be two main session debates, the
extra hour in the morning can be used for reporting back, and the extra hour in
the afternoon for a possible closing ceremony. And on the condition that the
main session debates which will follow the main session workshops on the same
themes will be interactive and not wasted in presentations or replies by
panelists, that can be done, by the way, in the morning in the workshops.  And
the two hours for the debates should be plenty of time to deploy the topics. As
for the reporting back sessions, many find them extremely helpful because
someone may hear, in more than one language, a brief summary of what was
discussed in previous main sessions but also in all the other main events -- I'm
sorry, all the other events that were held before. It is also a form of outcome
that many stakeholders are asking for.  Therefore, we urge that the reporting
back is re-introduced in the program, and that there is one-hour session prior
to the main session debate. As regards the main session debates, we join others,
like ITAA, ISOC, ICC, and we consider by the term "debate" it is meant an
interactive discussion, and we hope all participants will share this
understanding. We support the idea that these sessions are interactive and that
they will not have panelists or designated respondents.  Still, we would like to
propose the idea that besides a brief presentation outlining what happened --
what has happened in the morning, there is a keynote speaker to stimulate
discussion, rather than having the moderator trying to do that. The idea about
the keynote speaker could be quite useful for certain main session debates, if
not for all.  That is, in other words, instead of having a moderator, to have a
keynote speaker for some sessions. We would also like to repeat our previous
position about best practices, which we still think they fit better in the
debates or the workshops, and we are very concerned that thematic or country
presentations are baptized as best practice forums, in the absence of a reliable
mechanism to justify them as such. Therefore, we underline that if best practice
forums remain in the program, it they must be very limited, specific, well
justified, containing all the necessary details and accepted after wide
agreement. I have two more remarks regarding the substantive program. First, the
battle against cyber crime must be viewed as an issue which will demand constant
attention and vigilance.  It is not a simple case of winning or losing one
battle, and the way this topic has been described in the program fails to
recognize this point. We strongly suggest that the title of the relevant main
session debate reflects this approach. And the last comment, we're still
concerned that the title "Arrangements for Internet Governance, Global and
National/Regional," is very vague, general, and not well understood. In fact, it
is not clear at all what it will be discussed about.  We would like to stress
that by using such a title under managing critical Internet resources,
discussion is likely to expand away from areas that demand immediate attention
such as the imminent discussion on the transition from IPv4 to 6. We believe
that care must be taken within IGF not to duplicate discussions that are more
appropriate in other existing fora. Therefore, we see this session as a scouting
one in terms of what the landscape is, global and national, or regional.  What
has been done and by whom.  Aim at a better understanding of critical Internet
resources. Mr. Chairman, as I said, we have submitted written contributions, and
I ask all those interested to have a look at it if they have time.  They are
posted on your site.  And we also have comments for other items of the agenda,
and for that you will allow me to come back.  Thank you, Chair.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   I turn to -- Miguel Alcaine, from El Salvador.

>>EL SALVADOR:   Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. We do not have any
difficulties with the inclusion of the word "dialogue" in the title for the
afternoon sessions, as long as we keep the word "debate" as well.  We have to
keep the notion that there are different points of view.  And here, we'd like to
support what has been proposed by ISOC.  Indeed, we should have an Internet site
in addition to the site of the secretariat so that all stakeholders can share
their views and their main ideas. Now, on the workshops that have been
identified or merged, the fact that this task was not easy shows that we need to
do some significant work in advance.  And we hope that the Hyderabad meeting
will have good results.  And we believe that the Internet Governance Forum is
moving in the right direction. Now, on the debate or dialogues about policies,
that was mentioned by one of the speakers, something that could take place in
one of the afternoons. I'd like to specify that discussion on policies is
something that is very important from the point of view of learning.  And we, I
believe, should prepare some guidelines on how we can work during these
workshops in order to also have a greater impact on future work.  And all the
opinions of experts and all the people participating in these workshops should
be an inclusive process, without any exceptions. And on the issue of the
moderator, we support the proposal that was made by the International Chamber of
Commerce that if, indeed, it is good to have keynote speakers for some meetings,
but for other meetings, we need to have experts, but experts that could actually
moderate meetings. And, finally, Mr. Chairman, I'd like to invite the organizers
of workshops and the main sessions, but also all of those who will be actively
involved in the Hyderabad meeting, I'd like to urge them to include the idea of
development and capacity-building. Thank you very much.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Let me just add to the list that I have been giving issues with
the MAG -- one thing that I hear from people is, some, you know, if you like,
concern about the moderators for the afternoon session, would there be people
with substantive knowledge, would there be people like broadcasters?  What is
the role?  Would we have a keynote speaker who sets the theme?  I think these
are issues which will need to -- this is close to the more general issue of the
link between the workshops in the afternoon session which was raised in the
morning.  And I would urge the MAG to spend a fair amount of time going through
all of the issues which arise in terms of these linkages, including the
questions that have been raised about the keynote speaker, the nature of the
moderator that you would have, if you have a moderator, that is, in the
afternoon session, and what is the input that will be provided into the
afternoon session.  Apart from the issue of the title, debate, dialogue, or
whatever, debate and dialogue. Okay?  I now have Ms. Park from the TU Delft.

>>TUDelft:   Thank you, chairman.

>>:Microphone, please.

>>TUDelft:   Y.J. Park from Delft University of Technology. As a new member, I
am very glad to make a contribution to the Internet Governance Forum as one of
the civil society members from WSIS Internet Governance Caucus. I would like to
support the principle of multistakeholder for the Internet Governance Forum,
expressed by the United States government and government of Canada.  However, I
was somewhat surprised to note there is a substantial lack of participation from
governments in many discussions of Internet Governance Forum based on my recent
exposure to MAG and experiences of main session workshop coordination.  After
this morning's main session workshop report, we could note that the five leading
coordinators of the six main IGF workshops were from non-state actors:  Civil
society, ISOC, and business. The remaining one is coordinated by UNESCO,
intergovernmental institution.  For example, we do not have any coordinator from
government for multilingualism main session workshop.  As the United States
government acknowledged earlier during the WSIS, state actors are also key
actors, together with other non-state actors.  Taking advantage of this
intervention, I would like to solicit more participation from government in this
forum so we can truly make Internet Governance Forum a truly multistakeholder
Internet, public-policy forum. Secondly, I would like to make a comment on
multilingualism main session workshop as one of the new coordinators who joined
this discussion recently. One of the critical global coordination challenges in
the context of multilingualism on the Internet is to get global consensus on how
to implement internationalized domain names.  It has taken almost ten years to
implement Internationalized Domain Names under ICANN's coordination, without any
specific plan as of today.  It proves this topic deserves more attention than
any other multilingualism issues, and hope IDN can be one of the main areas of
the discussion. Thank you for your attention.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you.  I hope governments are listening.  And they do need
to participate more vigorously, if you like, in both the organization as well as
the actual meeting itself. We can't force them.  And so I hope they're listening
to --  This is now a plea from civil society to governments, saying, "Please
engage more effectively in an institution that you have set up." I hope the
governments are listening. Milton Mueller.

>>MILTON MUELLER:   Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Yes, I'm Milton Mueller, I'm from
the Internet Governance Project and from Syracuse University. I want to discuss
this assault on the word "debate" that seems to have occurred in some of the
earlier comments. Let us begin by asking what the word "debate" means.  A debate
occurs when there are some defined propositions and people take different sides
on those propositions. A debate is a structured examination of multiple
arguments and positions regarding those propositions. A debate is a discussion
of the validity of the arguments for and against a proposition. A debate is a
discussion of the supporting evidence for and against a proposition. Now, taking
that into consideration, when people say they don't want to use the word
"debate," I wonder what they want these dialogues to be about.  Are these to be
coffee conversations where we discuss the weather?  Are these to be casual
expressions of opinion? I think not.  I think we want there to be debates about
public policy at the Internet Governance Forum.  I think that's what the forum
is for. I'm very concerned that we continue to have these kinds of debates and
discussions about the nature of the forum. You will recall that there were
people who at any time think we should discuss critical Internet resources in
the forum.  This was shown to be something we didn't need to fear; that it was
very productive to engage with these issues. Of course, there are debates about
those issues. I will continue to resist, and I'm sure that many people in civil
society and among governments as well, will resist any attempt to neutralize the
forum as a space for policy change.  If there is no role for the concept of
debate in the forum, then you have -- neutralize the forum, you have made it a
useless institution. Thank you very much.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. [ Applause ]

>>CHAIR DESAI:   France.

>>FRANCE:   Thank you, Mr. Chairman.  Thank you, Nitin. I should let my
colleagues take off the headsets so they can listen to the interpretation if
that is required.  I am taking the floor today on behalf of the European Union
presidency, and I am pleased to be able to make this statement.  I should begin
by congratulating Nitin for the renewal of his mandate, as also I should like to
congratulate the new members of the MAG for their appointment, and the former
members for having been renewed in their mandates. I would simply like to
express one regret, that is that the renewal of mandates was done late in the
year, and we hope that next year, the renewal of the MAG will take place before
the advisory session in May. More specifically, in connection with the first
item of the agenda and the structure of the Hyderabad meeting, we appreciate
greatly the work that was done by the MAG, since it has progressively structured
the third IGF around three main themes, with three categories of sessions.
There's also a linkage between the workshops, the main workshops or panels, and
the debates, or dialogues.  The objective for us is for all stakeholders to be
able to interact and to develop a joint vision of the problems with which they
are confronted. I note in passing, with interest, the expansion of the village
space or exhibition area, which will make it possible for participants to show
what their activities are. Generally speaking, we support the wording chosen for
the different themes.  The expression "towards the next billion, in inverted
commas, and here I support Karen Banks' comment about the fact that we are
moving towards the next billions, with an "S."  This confirms the development
orientation of the IGF. In the same way, the theme of, in inverted commas,
"Fostering Security, Privacy, and Openness," is of the highest importance, in
our view.  Currently, we are increasingly dependent on the Internet for all
activities in professional and everyday lives. The European Union believes, in
particular, that this subject is important, because these three objectives --
security, privacy, and openness -- can be pursued at the same time. We hope that
the Hyderabad forum will prove this. More generally, the European Union attaches
great importance to the usefulness of the IGF as being a multistakeholder forum,
as was stated by our U.S. colleague and other persons after that.  This platform
concerns public policy, which plays the role of a think tank, to some extent,
where different ideas can be confronted without giving rise to a formal
negotiated document. I wish to insist upon this aspect today, because the
informal nature of this process does not, in our view, mean that there will not
be a particular result or that there is less commitment on the part of the
stakeholders. In particular, we expect of the panel and of the debates that they
identify common subjects for the various stakeholders, and even common
objectives. Furthermore, very specifically, we give our great support to the
idea of having a common template so that the various workshops can be made aware
of the work being done.  This is important for workshops to be able to
disseminate their results and to provide a report in the principal sessions.
Furthermore, we note with interest amongst the results of the forum the
emergence of several initiatives which are multistakeholder-led at the regional
and national levels, and we have the pleasure of announcing that France will
organize a workshop -- it has already proposed this -- concerning national and
regional initiatives in that connection.  We hope this workshop will make it
possible to identify best practices, which will facilitate the replication of
such efforts in other areas and regions. Furthermore, the E.U. attaches great
importance to a balanced participation of all categories of actors.  This
reflects what Y.J. Park has just done, and, in particular, we encourage all
stakeholders to participate in IGF, including governments, and to take full
advantage of the innovative format of interaction provided. For their part, the
E.U. member states remain actively engaged in this exercise, of course, through
their participation in the MAG and all preparatory processes. The European
member states also participate through their active participation in dynamic
coalitions and sponsoring several workshops in Hyderabad.  We are also
organizing other events which will feed into the Hyderabad debate, namely, a
European dialogue on Internet governance, which will take place in Strasbourg at
the end of October; Italy, for its part, as many of you know, is organizing a
forum on Internet rights in Sardinia also at the end of October. Last, but not
least, we have heard that Lithuania is a candidate to host the IGF in 2010.
There are two important points I wish to add as I come to a close here.  And
that is, emerging issues, new subjects, and the importance of these being dealt
with in such a way as to identify challenges for the future.  This will provide
an opportunity for the European presidency to report on the ministerial
conference to be organized in Nice early October, concerning the Internet of the
future. We hope that the Hyderabad session "Taking Stock and the Way Forward,"
in other words, the recapitulation meeting at the end, will be used to begin to
launch the debate on opportunities for continuing IGF beyond the five
initial-year period. And we can come back to this at the last part of this
afternoon's meeting. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Now, Ms. Park, we will be happy to know that quite a few
governments are coming in and speaking now. You know, the participation of
governments and NGOs is roughly proportional to the distribution of PCs and
Apple MACs.  Just seems to -- I have Indonesia, the Council of Europe, and then
Greece.  After that, I will come back to the others. Indonesia.

>>INDONESIA:   Thank you, Mr. Chairman.  My name is (saying name) from the
ministry of ICT, government of Indonesia.  In this opportunity, I'd like to
extend my appreciation to the IGF secretariat, who has given me an opportunity
to be a MAG IGF member. I am looking forward to working with you all members. 
In this opportunity, I'd like to appreciate the success of the first and second
IGF meeting, in Athens and Rio de Janeiro.  And I support and thanks to the
government of India, who is going to host the third IGF meeting. Now, in the
first and second IGF meeting, there are no kind of formal documentation that we
can use as reference to plan our work in this area. Here I propose and support
the proposal which has been proposed by Pakistan, that we have a kind of formal
documentation that contains a summary of each session, either the main plenary
sessions, as well as the workshops, that can be produced as IGF document.  And
each of the sessions, I think, can be collected by the session or workshop
organizer and then submitted to the secretariat to be produced as IGF document.
I thank you for your attention, Mr. Chairman.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Actually, information on the -- is available in the form of the
chairman's -- it usually includes overall review of what came out of each IGF.
On the workshop reports, we've tried to encourage workshop organizers to give
that.  But it's a little difficult to force them to do it, you see.  But
certainly we have a space available for that. But I do hope that we can -- yes,
may I turn to the secretary, and he may -- he will guide us on what is available
now.  Now as a new MAG member, you can perhaps look at some of that. Yeah.

>>MARKUS KUMMER:   Yes.  Thank you. Indeed, there is an awful a lot of
information available on our Web site.  We have the live transcriptions of all
the main sessions.  We have the Web casts and the audio casts.  But we also
noticed that, like several delegations made the point that they prefer something
they can take home with and not just have an electronic document.  And this is
the reason why we are planning to produce a book that will reflect, document the
first two IGF meetings, in Athens and in Rio.  And it is planned that the book
will be distributed in Hyderabad, that it will be published for the Hyderabad
meeting, and then, hopefully, from then on we produce every year a book with the
proceedings of the annual meeting. So I hope that will move towards what was
suggested by you and various other people. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. And I now have the Council of Europe, and then Mr.
George Papadatos from Greece.

>>COUNCIL OF EUROPE:  Thank you, Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen.  Let me
thank the secretariat for their continued valuable assistance, and to our
distinguished Indian colleagues for their work in preparing and hosting this
year's IGF.  Mr. Chairman, intimately linked to the core themes of the IGF
program and in the true spirit of the IGF, I would like to inform you -- and as
highlighted, touched upon by Bertrand de la Chapelle, that an open-ended and
evolving group of stakeholders from the private sector, governments,
international organizations, and civil society have come together to organize a
European dialogue on Internet governance, also known as EuroDIG, which will be
hosted at the Council of Europe in Strasbourg on the 20 and 21st of October,
which, as it happens, falls at the beginning of the European Parliament session,
in the hope that there will be parliamentary input into this dialogue. 
EuroDIG.org offers a multistakeholder platform for European actors to discuss
the 2008 main themes of the IGF in preparation for the IGF. Such dialogue will
be invaluable in our preparations and discussions, in particular, through
reporting back into the IGF.  EuroDIG, we hope, will break new ground in the way
European governments, the private sector, and civil society communicate with
each other on Internet governance by providing a level playing field for
multistakeholder discussion on key issues, such as fostering security, privacy,
and openness, cybercrime, and the management of critical Internet resources.
EuroDIG.org will also provide a means to present and discuss European-led IGF
workshops in a post show-and-tell session.  And it will also provide a means of
outreach to those in Europe -- a Europe which, for the Council of Europe,
consists of 47 states -- who will not be able to be in Hyderabad.  So for those
interested, please consult the Web site, EuroDIG.org for registration and more
information. Mr. Chairman, it is in this spirit of cooperation that the Council
of Europe is working with an increasingly wide range of stakeholders in
preparation for the IGF.  In particular, this has led the Council of Europe, at
the request of the secretariat, the IGF secretariat, in certain cases, to merge
two of its proposed workshops concerning cybercrime and data protection, into
the main-session workshops on fighting the battle against cybercrime and
fostering security, privacy, and openness of the Internet. It has led us to
merge our workshop on persons with disabilities with ISOC China, and we have
also merged our workshop on governance for gatekeepers, shaping access to the
Internet with the World Broadcasting Union. Mr. Chairman, in working ever more
attentively to respect the required multistakeholder balances and representation
needed for workshops, we are experiencing an even greater level of synergy with
IGOs, private sector, and civil society.  One excellent example is the
trilateral initiative by the Council of Europe, the United Nations Economic
Commission for Europe, and the Association for Progressive Communications to
prepare a code of good practice on public participation, access to information,
and transparency in Internet governance that will be taken forward at a workshop
in Hyderabad, seeking to discuss this proposal with Internet governance entities
and other stakeholders. However, Mr. Chairman, all of this cooperation needs to
be fostered to ensure good preparations for Hyderabad.  Workshop organizers need
to have as much information as possible on a rolling basis about who, which
expertise will be present in Hyderabad so that we can maximize the sharing of
our expertise and participation.  And this should not be left to our differing
abilities to network to find out.  I would therefore suggest, Mr. Chairman, that
the rolling list of registered participants, complete with the information about
their profiles and interests, be made available to all workshop organizers as
soon as possible. On another very important matter, Mr. Chairman, I would like
to support the recent calls of the Internet Bill of Rights and others for the
reassertion of a rights-based agenda for the IGF, which the Council of Europe
has repeatedly stressed in IGF preparation meetings and through its written
submissions. Rights and freedoms within the context of an Internet for all are
too important to be set aside when reaching out to the next billion or billions
of users. Mr. Chairman, I would beg the question, how can we properly discuss
public policy on access, multilingualism, privacy, freedom of expression,
children's protection, and so on without a cross-cutting rights agenda in place?
 Especially as we become more and more dependent and reliant on the Internet in
our everyday lives to communicate, to work, for knowledge, and for leisure. I
would therefore point out, Mr. Chairman, that rights and freedoms will be
addressed in several Council of Europe workshops which are organized and
co-organized with other actors, in particular, the workshop on protecting
children's dignity, security and privacy, applying international law to protect
their best interests, the workshop on beyond universal access, the public value
of the Internet as a goal of national information policy, and the workshop on
expression and image online, developing an evolving personal identity. Thank
you, Mr. Chairman.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   After Greece, I have, if I may just mention the next slot,
(saying name) GIIC, Daniel O'Neill, the MAG member from APC, Valeria Betancourt,
and then IIST, then Natasha Primo, then Colin Oliver, from Australia. So that's
-- WITSA, after Greece.  First Greece, and then WITSA.

>>GREECE:   Thank you, Mr. Chairman.  Let me briefly react to a statement made
by Dr. Park, of Delft University. She noted the declining attendance of
governments.  And it is a fact.  I could -- I share those views, and I could
take this discussion a step further to say that if one looks at what happened in
Athens and then in Rio, and so forth, there are some -- the statistics indicate
that there is declining attendance, possibly declining interest, in the MAG
itself, in the meetings themselves. But just to state the fact does not answer
the question.  I think the question is, why are governments losing interest, at
least the ones that they do? And I think that that deserves some consideration. 
And probably we should hear more from governments on that subject. Secondly, on
the term "debate," I have a slightly different take on this than Milton Mueller
has.  I think that the reason that it causes concern is because it is a colored,
it is a coded word that reminds U.N. debates.  And I've seen this on a number of
occasions. I don't think we should be bound by all these words.  We should use
them freely.  And I don't think that "dialogue," which means something
completely different than "debate," can be substituted in this particular case.
Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. WITSA.

>>WITSA:   Hi.  My name is Anders Halvorsen.  I'm the public-policy director of
WITSA.  It's a pleasure to participate here in the open consultation, and I know
that all of my colleagues here and I look forward to another successful IGF in
Hyderabad in December. Among several colleagues here today, I am also honored to
have with me Mr. David Oliver of Fujitsu, who is the chairman with our WITSA
public-policy committee. WITSA has been an active participant in the IGF from
the beginning, including in the preparatory meetings for the WSIS. We further
contributed to this process as a founding member of the CBI and are a founding
partner and member of BASIS. Moreover, WITSA has published several statements
regarding IGF, WSIS I and WSIS II. WITSA fully supports the IGF and reaches out
to its members in order to encourage their attendance at the IGF sessions and
workshops. WITSA also promotes awareness of an interest in the IGF at its
conference and meetings, notably, our global public policy conference and the
World Congress on Information Technology. WITSA also co-organized a workshop
entitled "Enhancing Multistakeholder Participation and Policy-Making" at the
2006 IGF in Athens. In Rio last year, WITSA worked with five organizations to
organize a workshop on access entitled "Qualifying, Quantifying, and Meeting the
Challenge of Internet Access Costs." WITSA strongly supported four inaugural IGF
themes -- openness, security, diversity, and access, as well as the
cross-cutting theme of capacity-building.  Indeed, WITSA presented a detailed
report in preparation for the inaugural Athens forum which proposed a ten-point
plan with the emphasis on security and reliability of ITC networks and services,
the integration of ICTs in government services, and establishment of
pro-competitive, predictable, transparent, and nondiscriminatory legal systems.
The WITSA report also urged the removal of trade and innovation barriers and
encouraged the creation of public/private partnerships in education and training
to develop much needed skills. WITSA believed the IGF should continue to
emphasize the role of the Internet in economic development, and the importance
of capacity building as a vehicle to boost Internet access in developing
countries. Reaching the next billion Internet users, information,
infrastructure, access, managing Internet critical Internet resources, cyber
security and trust remain very important topics to our WITSA members. After 2008
IGF, Hyderabad, WITSA would like to focus on the challenge of connecting the
next billion users to the Internet.  We should also include a discussion on how
this can be done in an environmentally sustainable way. The Internet services
and applications provide new ways to communicate and transfer information,
including voice and data and video services.  These services can facilitate
telecommuting, teleconferencing, e-commerce, telemedicine and other applications
that will save consumers in business travel expense, traffic congestion and
time, as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions. An IGF discussion should
focus on how ICT in Internet use can address environmental problems and what
type of complementary actions may be needed to maximize potential benefits. With
regard to other emerging issues, WITSA suggests the consideration of the
following items for discussion:  Conserving ICT for environment; importance of
ensuring and leveraging innovation and creativity, including in nontraditional
areas; the impact of the changes to the Internet that will be driven by the
massive increase in wireless and mobile users; the opportunities and challenges
of social networking applications and other emerging innovations and
applications. WITSA believes the real value of the IGF is in its
multistakeholder, open and informative nature, allowing a variety of views to be
expressed on an equal basis and a full range of experience and expertise to be
shared so that all can continue to learn more about how to use and grow and
expand and protect the Internet. As such, the IGF should remain consistent with
its mandate for facilitating a dialogue and not engaging in negotiation of
formal documents and outcomes. WITSA also supports the importance of the IGF's
focus on engagement with developing countries and seeking ways to encourage
participants from those countries to participate in the IGF process and annual
forum. Thank you very much.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. Then I have Mr. Onishi from Fujitsu.

>>FUJITSU:   Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Distinguished delegates.  My name is
Norihiro Onishi, and I am here today representing Fujitsu. At the IGF Rio
conference last year, Mr. (saying name), a Fujitsu board member and former
chairman, talked about the need for greater business involvement in the IGF
process, and better awareness among corporate executives about Internet
governance. Fujitsu works with many business and I.T. associations to promote
the IGF, its consultations, and outcomes. Through our involvement in groups such
as the Global Information Infrastructure Commission, Keidanren, the Japan
Business Federation, the World Information Technology and Services Alliance, and
ICC/BASIS, we encourage these business groups to provide comments to the IGF
Secretariat.  Representatives from these organizations are providing more
detailed comments to this public consultation today. We at Fujitsu hope that
these additional efforts, which complement what other business and
multistakeholder groups are doing to raise awareness of and encourage
participation in the IGF will produce a successful meeting in Hyderabad, India
in December. We look forward to seeing all of you in Hyderabad. Finally, we
would like to express our appreciation to Mr. Desai, Mr. Kummer, and the IGF
Secretariat for all their support of these IGF consultations and conference.
Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you.  Next is Mr. Daniel O'Neill from GIIC which was just
referred to.

>>GIIC:   Thank you, Mr. Chairman.  My name is Dan O'Neill.  I am the executive
director of the Global Information Infrastructure Commission. The GIIC
appreciates the opportunity to comment on the program, agenda, and format for
the upcoming IGF meeting in India. We would like to thank the Chair and the
executive Secretariat for their efforts to implement a successful consultation
format, including early debrief and planning meeting in February, the midyear
session in May, the final session in September, all culminating in the IGF in
early December. This consultation process works well so that all interested
stakeholders can plan contributions to and participation in IGF meetings. The
GIIC believes that the current structure of the program, as presented, should
work well, and supports the key themes under the overall theme of "Internet for
All." Reaching the next billion users, promoting cyber security and trust,
managing critical Internet resources, taking stock in the way forward and
emerging issues. We recognize that the Hyderabad meeting will have its own
character and will go beyond the formats used previously. We prefer to see an
informal, interactive, multistakeholder format, as it is generally recognized as
one of the key factors for the success of the first two meetings, and should be
maintained and reinforced as a guiding principle. We did observe in previous
years that attendance at the main sessions was limited due to conflicts with
many fine workshops.  It would be better to manage the main sessions with as few
conflicts as feasible. The main sessions provide an excellent way to summarize
discussions and share additional insights and viewpoints. Therefore, the current
recommendation to include a tighter linkage between the workshops and the main
sessions is a good one. We also support the approach to engage persons with
proven expertise and experience in matters related to Internet governance for
the main sessions. At the 2008 IGF Hyderabad, GIIC would like to focus on the
challenges of connecting the next one billion users to the Internet and include
a discussion about how this can be done in an environmentally sustainable way.
Overall, the impact of ICTs and the Internet on the environment needs to be
fully explored. ICT has had the greatest benefit and effect on business and
economic structures, such as efficiencies in business processes, and the shift
away from manufacturing towards the delivery of services. A main environmental
impact has been the increasing power needs of ICT products as the production of
electricity support the spread of ICT, and the greater Internet use can add to
greenhouse gases.  Another concern is the rebound effect of the greater
efficiencies in business processes and transportation enabled by the Internet,
and ICT's lower prices and increased demands for material and energy, thereby
offsetting environmental gains and could result in neutral or even negative
impacts. This discussion on environmental concerns could also highlight data,
policy, and directed research in areas where ICTs can help with climate change
solutions in ways similar to ICT's effects on communications and business, while
providing an environmentally sustainable Internet for the next billion users, or
more, around the world. In addition, we should explore how best these topics
could be incorporated, possibly as workshops or a special session into the IGF
program going forward as emerging issues. Finally, we would like to congratulate
members of the MAG, both new ones and those that have renewed.  As in the past,
we wish to see the composition of the MAG reflecting the multistakeholder nature
of the Internet and those interested in the IGF. We look forward to their
contributions in the planning process. The GIIC remains committed to working
closely with the IGF and its leadership to ensure the success of the Hyderabad
meeting in December 2008. Thank you very much.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. Then I have Valeria Betancourt from -- a MAG member.

>>VALERIA BETANCOURT:  Thank you, Mr. Chairman.  I would like to first of all
thank you for giving me this opportunity to participate in this discussion as a
member of MAG. I would like to say that on the 20th of August of this year, an
open multisectorial dialogue started on Internet governance in Latin America and
the Caribbean. This process was started by the LACNIC, RITS and APC.  And this
is a process that was promoted through for discussion groups and it was
continued through online discussions.  And the discussions involved 325 people
from various sectors from 20 countries of the region. And we have interpreted
this as a sign of maturity in the discussions and a very important step in
further promoting the Internet. I would like to find out what are the mechanisms
that can be promoted in order to ensure that these types of regional inputs can
feed the finalization of the Internet Governance Forum agenda.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   (Inaudible) sustainable development.

>>HEATHER CREECH:  Thank you, Mr. Chair.  My name is Heather Creech from the
International Institute for Sustainable Development.  We would like to thank the
IGF stakeholders and the Secretariat for supporting the processes that has
allowed sustainable development to emerge as a significant issue for the forum's
consideration, and that this is certainly consistent with the linkage between
Internet governance and sustainable development being recognized at the end of
the Rio forum in the Chairman's summary that this would be an emerging issue.
Since Rio, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development at the
ministerials on the future of the Internet economy earlier this year in Seoul
adopted sustainable development as a major area of concern for all working on
Internet issues.  And this is evident in the outcome documents of that meeting.
And we are also excited about a number of workshops that are now on the agenda
for Hyderabad which will begin to look in more depth at various aspects of the
Internet and sustainability, whether dealing with environmental impacts or the
development agenda. It is our view that the issues being addressed through the
IGF -- security, critical Internet resources, access and so forth -- have
significant impact on and relevance for the achievement of global
sustainability.  Without a stable and secure Internet accessible to all, the
world cannot work together to solve global problems. We need, though, to better
understand where and how the development and deployment of the Internet may have
significant positive or negative impacts on environment, economy, and society. 
And I'd certainly like to thank GIIC, and others, for pointing out the fact that
there may well be some impacts that we don't understand as yet. By making the
linkage between the development and deployment of the Internet and
sustainability development, we believe that the IGF will be making a positive
contribution to other global public policy debates, and in so doing, ensuring a
continuation of its mandate into the future. We hope to work with all of you on
strengthening this connection with sustainability as a relevant theme for the
Internet's future from the points of view of all IGF stakeholders.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you very much.  Can I ask Natasha Primo who is also a new
MAG member.

>>NATASHA PRIMO:  Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. I would like to thank you all
for the opportunity to contribute as a new MAG member in this open discussion.
And I look forward to continuing my contribution as a civil society
representative, active within a multistakeholder forum such as the IGF and
within the MAG as an instrument to ensure all viewpoints are equally
represented. I would like to return to the input by Mr. Jamil ZAHID earlier on
the ways that the experience of participating in the IGF in Athens and Rio has
led to interventions within Pakistan and taking forward and building awareness
of the IGF and also the importance of building a multistakeholder and
participatory process within Pakistan. I would like to return also to the
comments by the Chair on the importance of documenting the impact of the IGF at
the national and regional levels. The question I would like to pose for this
meeting is how will this be done.  And one avenue that I would like to propose
for discussion, perhaps later this afternoon, perhaps in our MAG meeting in the
next two days, is whether we need to create the capacity within the IGF
Secretariat to research and record precisely the different ways in which the IGF
is finding traction and relevance at the national level and at the regional
levels. And as part of a way also of documenting the relevance of the IGF for
future discussions, and for its continued existence. Thank you very much.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. I gather there's going to be a civil society led
exercise on a global Information Society watch.  I hope that that global
Information Society watch will be collecting information from civil society
organizations who are located at the ground level, so to speak, in countries. 
Will also collect information on the types of issues that have come up in these
two contributions. So let's hope -- but we can discuss.  I think this is
something which we can talk about further in the MAG. Can I now turn to Colin
Oliver from Australia and then (saying name) from APC, and then Ayesha Hassan
from ICC.

>>AUSTRALIA:   Thank you, Chair. I would like to begin by thanking the
Secretariat for their committed work in preparing for the meeting, and we were
very pleased to listen to the report this morning on work toward the main
session workshops. I think it's a sign that the multistakeholder character of
the Internet Governance Forum is continuing to develop.  And we're optimistic
that this will assist us in taking the discussion to a new level, with a higher
level of dialogue and interaction. I would like to agree with your point, Chair,
that the interactions facilitated by the forum are important and should be
documented where they lead to new cooperative endeavors, especially across
different regions and between different stakeholder groups. I'd also like to
agree with those who have pointed to the issue of capacity building as a
cross-cutting issue.  But I think for all of that, we may be missing something. 
And I would like to say it's important to recognize that Internet governance
needs to take account of innovation.  It's almost another cross-cutting issue
that is implicit in some of the very recent comments made with regard to
sustainable development and also the GIIC contribution. I have heard people say
that innovation is not a governance issue, but on the contrary, I would argue
that good public policy needs to take account of it, and sometimes to encourage
it. There are particular opportunities in India to consider the role of
innovation in supporting access, capacity building, multilingualism and a number
of other issues, and we'll be interested in working with our Indian hosts to
explore this further. Finally, taking on the comment about the need for
governments to engage more, I would like to say in this area it is important to
have inputs from all of those in civil society, the private sector, and even
governments where they can contribute to this innovation perspective. One area
where it's important for governments to be alive to innovation is in the area of
reconciling the objectives of security, privacy and openness. Certainly this is
an area of particular importance to the Australian government and one where we
are very interested in a dialogue that will help us move toward best practice at
home and internationally. One of the reasons we so strongly support the
multistakeholder approach to governance is because we consider it important to
maintain the innovative and creative development and use of the Internet.  So I
encourage us all to keep this issue in mind. Thank you, Chair.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you.  Then I have Willie Currie from APC.

>>APC:   Thank you, Mr. Chairperson.  Would I like to comment on a couple of
points that have been raised during this morning's discussion.  To say APC
supports the "Internet for all" as the overall theme for the third IGF.  We feel
it's an important expression of a macro-policy goal.  And we don't support the
ETNO suggestion of attaching a footnote to it. We would rather encourage ETNO to
come and discuss their viewpoint in the access main session and debate. And on
the debate issue, we support the use of the term "debate" as articulated by
Milton Mueller.  We feel that policy does involve debate, not only dialogue, in
order to sharpen understanding of policy options. We also feel that debate is a
way of making the plenary sessions more exciting and dynamic, and to address the
problem that was found to be the case last year in Rio where main sessions were
not attracting audience. Debate, properly handled, is a way of making those
sessions more interesting for the audience. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   And I have Ayesha Hassan from ICC and then UNESCO. And then
Parminder.

>>ICC:   Thank you, Chair, for giving me the opportunity to just come back on a
few points, given the contributions of others that we have had the opportunity
to hear. I would like to support the input from ETNO on the discussion around
cyber crime. I failed to point out, we also have submitted a lengthy
contribution with details about our thoughts and contributions on various
sessions.  It's available in the back of the room and on the Web site of the IGF
as well. We do continue to question the description of this topic area and have
suggested that it should be articulated in a way to provide important factual
information about the trends in crime online.  It should help to raise awareness
about the real problems that are being faced and progress that has been made to
try to address them. This discussion would also include what cyber security is
and how it has an impact on cyber crime. In our view, cyber crime poses
challenges to all stakeholders, and cyber security involves all stakeholders. 
This is an important opportunity to have a discussion about effective policy and
regulatory approaches, as well as technical fixes and good practices and helpful
initiatives. On that session, I would call the people's attention to our
detailed comments in written form.  And I also wanted to provide a comment on
input from some stakeholders who have encouraged the introduction of an emphasis
on rights issues.  Some have noted this would be, in particular, in the
fostering security, openness, and privacy discussions at the IGF in India.
ICC/BASIS members believe human rights are very important and support them. 
However, we do not believe that reorienting these important discussions on the
challenges and opportunities of ensuring security and privacy and openness to
focus on rights would be productive at the IGF in India. Having said that,
business does believe that the IGF can serve as a forum where discussions
regarding existing rights, recognized by the global community through the U.N.
and other treaty-making bodies, can take place, sharing views and experiences.
Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   UNESCO, and then Parminder. UNESCO.

>>UNESCO:   Thank you, Chair.  Good morning, or good afternoon. My name is
Miriam Nesbitt.  I am here representing UNESCO with my colleague Andrea Beccalli
who spoke a little bit earlier.  Andrea has been involved, as many of you know,
with some of the organization of the workshops. In that respect, I would like to
add my thanks to the Secretariat for the great support that has been shown
through a process that, though complex, really does seem to be working. There's
been quite a bit of dialogue about how to keep to the cross-cutting themes of
development and capacity building, rights issues, freedom and openness, while
trying to deal with the practical issues of just how we organize this, how we're
able to coordinate, how we have good moderation, effective moderation, dialogue
and debate. I really do appreciate, too, and I'm sure everyone does here, that
we're having this meeting today.  This kind of an open consultation is really
important and very helpful. And that really brings me to my point.  I wanted to
be sure that we take advantage of being here in person.  We do so much work
using technology, but when it comes down to it, being able to take advantage of
being in the room and knowing who is here and talking about some of the
remaining details of making effective workshops I think is really important. So
Andrea and I welcome the opportunity to talk to people and to take advantage of
this consultation meeting today. Thank you, Chair.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. Parminder and then France.

>>PARMINDER SINGH:   Thank you, Chair.  I take the floor first of all to support
my colleague Willie Currie's statement that the importance of the right
"Internet for all" as the overall theme should be emphasized, and the proposal
of ETNO to put a footnote is not an acceptable proposal, and the proposed
footnote about that it should not suggest anything like a universal service
obligation is something I think is an open issue and needs to be discussed at
the workshop -- at the IGF itself. I would rather say that the way we have been
interpreting the term "Internet for all" may have erred too much to a
market-based approach or a market supporting policy-based approach.  And we
should also emphasize the fact that Internet for all connotes a rights-based
approach.  And I would point to the indicia in the fact that the in the program
sheet that says that this term has been taken from the UNESCO's "education for
all" theme, which is an expression of the universally recognized right to
education. And our organization has given written input which explores and
explains the connection between this theme "Internet for all" and the
rights-based approach to the Internet, and it also argues that a rights-based
approach is not opposed to a market approach, but it subsumes it and it merely
states the high political priority that Internet for all assumes in our
political system.  And it would obviously also use the market systems to ensure
that the Internet reaches everybody. And I support a couple of speakers who did
mention the rights approach before, just Ayesha and other speakers, but to also
insist that beyond the rights which probably they were speaking about, social,
cultural, and economic rights are also universally agreed human rights, and they
also have a strong implication in the Internet area. A last point on the issue
of debate was this "dialogue" term.  I don't think there's really so much of a
problem with using either term normally.  But I think Milton's statement and the
support really given to Milton's statement is more connected to the fact that
the primacy of a policy dialogue as an important part of IGF's mandate has to be
maintained, and debates have a very important position -- part in policy
dialogues and the policy spaces. And I would support that we continue with the
term "debate" and do not change that. Thank you, Chair.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. Then I have India, and then France. Ravi Shanker
from India.

>>INDIA:   Thank you, Chair.  I also would like to welcome all the new members
to the MAG, and wish that all of them who are going to participate would
definitely come to India at the IGF in Hyderabad. I would like to give a little
update on what is happening in India as a buildup to the IGF per se. The Indian
industry has expressed a lot of concern on cybersecurity, per se.  And this is
one aspect which has been articulated by a number of speakers as well. On the
broad themes of openness, we understand that we do have to have this factor of
openness enshrined in it, while addressing the issue of cybercrime and
cybersecurity in itself. Multilingualism is an area where we would be sharing
some of our own experiences.  And I am very happy to note that some speakers
have suggested that this should be a focal point during the IGF in India. What
has stemmed from the Internationalized Domain Names in ICANN will definitely
reflect itself in the IGF at Hyderabad, where multilingualism will be a key
area. Access is an issue that becomes critical to the growth of the Internet in
itself. I would like to mention that industry associations, cutting across
different spectrums and different concentrations, whether it is the telecom,
whether it is the Internet service providers, whether it is any other industry
forums of software development, all are common to a common platform to see that
the IGF themes are well discussed, debated, and lead to cogent action, though
they understand there are not outcomes, but cogent action that would occupy the
public policy domain. I would also like to mention here that the Indian
Parliament Association would also be very keen to have discussion and dialogue
on public-policy issues.  I must mention here that the chairman of the standing
committee on information technology in the Indian parliament has himself
expressed the issue of participation at the IGF.  I have had some discussions
with a few other country delegates who are present here that parliamentarians
would be very eager to participate.  I leave this to the IGF secretariat to
handle it, because this is, per se, between the IPU and the IGF secretariat
which will be able to address how the parliamentarians could partake within the
realm of the IGF. I would like to mention that there are a number of workshops,
and the Indian Industry Association has articulated their point that they would
like to partake in each and every workshop, because they feel that they could
contribute with their experience, with their relevant local flavor.  This, I
thought I would put forth before the forum here in order that it should be seen
that the Indian government and the Indian industry are in constant engagement to
see that the IGF in India is showcased in a proper manner and we would be
playing a very good host to all the delegates who would come to Hyderabad. Thank
you, Chair.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   If I may point out that the place that we are meeting in
Hyderabad is actually very close to what is called Cyberabad, which is the Cyber
City part of Hyderabad.  And, I don't know, you can correct me.  There must be,
what, at least 100,000 people employed in I.T. there?

>>:Roughly.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Roughly, 100,000 people employed in I.T. surrounding this
convention center.  So you can expect a lot of them to turn up at this. The -- 
Let me turn now to France.

>>FRANCE:   Thank you, Mr. Chair. Just a very brief follow-up on some of the
comments that have been raised.  So this is not a presidency statement.  It's
more a direct comment from France. Also in line with the debate about "debate,"
as Milton has raised, and I would like to make a transition to what's a concrete
element in the schedule to illustrate what I mean. For people who know me, I'm
not one to shy away from a good debate on an issue.  The question we have,
though, is, what is the purpose of a multistakeholder forum?  And I do believe
that inasmuch as it is important to further the opportunity for the different
actors to share and express their differences, which is the essence of a debate,
the purpose is not to stage antagonisms, but to help build consensus.  I agree
with Milton and many other interventions that there is no real consensus without
straightforward presentation of the positions of the different actors.  And in
this respect, we should not shy away from the term "debate."  But we need to
keep in mind that the purpose is for all of us to move one step further each
time and develop common understanding, then common goals, then potentially
coordinated actions on issues that are of common concern or interest. And the
consequence for -- from that vision is that it is very important that the main
workshop sessions end up shaping in a certain way as was mentioned before, the
angle of the way the issue will be presented in the next dialogue and debate
session.  So it is an important role for the moderator of the main workshop
sessions to be building on the discussion to shape a way to ask questions in the
debate so that it helps build consensus, and not only, as I was saying, stage
antagonism. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you.  Sorry.  Did you want to comment?  Yes, and then
Milton.  From Webforce, and then -- and then Milton.

>>WEBFORCE INT. FED.:   (No translation). I should like to say that the previous
speaker, that I believe was France -- and here allow me to say that I'm
surprised to hear a representative of France speaking English, and we have to
listen to the interpretation rather than the original language. Apart from that,
we participated at the World Summit on the Information Society four years ago
very actively.  I should like to make a general remark. It is my impression that
here, we are again making the mistakes that slowed down the summit on the
information society.  In other words, we are making the same mistake a second or
a third time. When we talk about cybercrime, for example, some studies have been
carried out not only at the ITU, but through different departments and by
different governments.  We don't take account of those studies, those
statistics.  Instead, we begin to carry out the same studies, without having
defined cybercrime properly.  And then we try and suggest measures.  Whereas,
already, measures have been taken years ago. I am just making this general
remark. Can we not expedite the forum and governance, recognizing that ICANN, to
date, has handled Internet very well, it has made Internet work?  Perhaps it
will be necessary to have a commission, a committee, or some international
supervisory body made up by states and for us to get down to the action very
quickly.  If we confine ourselves to talking, I must say, we are already on the
summit on the information society and have been there for three years already.
We can do this also in the field of Internet, universal action.  In other words,
what have we done so far?  What was the point of the summits?  There has been a
lot of blah, blah, blah.  I apologize for that.  I am one of those people that
was also going blah, blah, blah.  But let's realize, we have not been very
effective.  Let us try and be more efficient. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman.
 That is all I have to say for the time being.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you.  And I have Milton.

>>MILTON MUELLER:   Thank you.  This is Milton Mueller again, Internet
Governance Project. Picking up on both of the last comments -- actually, I think
they're related -- in terms of how to handle the main sessions, you have a
complicated subject matter, something like the scarcity of IPv4 addresses and
the transition to IPv6.  Now, what is being suggested on the one hand is that
the main session workshops become sort of educational lectures, and then there
is the hope that people will understand these lectures well enough to then
debate policy proposals. The alternative view is that in the main sessions,
people should be con- -- directly presented with the points at issue, that we
have -- that we pretty much know what are the points where there is policy
discussion, debate, and dialogue.  We know what the problems are, and that we
have to get started right at that level.  You are not going to, for example,
start a main session by explaining the technical characteristics of I.P. version
6.  That, in itself, would take an hour.  And anybody who has no idea what we
are mean by I.P. version 6 is not going to learn enough in this initial main
session to go engage in an intelligent debate three hours later. So we have to
take certain kinds of knowledge for granted.  And I think that the place to
start -- and this is not really inconsistent with Bertrand's position -- the
place we have to start is with recognized issues, recognized points of conflict,
and provide the informational background about them. So this applies across the
board. The other thing we have to recognize as a place to start these main
session discussions is, they have to be about global governance.  There's no
reason for us to talk about issues or areas which can be handled perfectly well
by national governments or local initiatives or by private sector market
initiatives. So, for example, in the multilingualism discussion, I was a bit
surprised to hear the emphasis on content generation, which I don't think is a
governance problem at all.  It may be a resource problem in certain countries. 
But unless there's a need for a global coordination or a global policy, I don't
understand why we're spending time on content generation when there are
multilingual issues such as the domain name system which do require global
coordination. So I think when we're dealing with critical Internet resources, we
have to begin by focusing on the issues, the points of contention.  And the
problem we're having in some of these negotiations is that there are -- I think
there are people who don't want to face the fact that there is contention.  They
don't want us to recognize that there are different factions, different groups
with different interests that are negotiating and debating and discussing the
problems and the differences. Yes, Bertrand, we should not stage antagonisms in
an artificial way.  We should recognize the existence.  And who can -- who
cannot recognize the existence of antagonisms and differences in policy clashes
around the world around Internet governance? Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Anybody else? Okay. So I think we can probably stop -- end the
discussion on this agenda item and maybe -- I'm not sure.  We have a quick --
probably a quick round on the logistics in a moment. Let me just say that what I
think -- yes, did you want to comment, the Russian Federation?  Yes, please.

>>RUSSIAN FEDERATION:   Good morning.  I'd like to use this opportunity to speak
Russian, in fact, and say that the Russian Federation would like to raise the
issue about including the morning, the issues of internationalization of the
Internet.  And there are certain contradictions that exist between the Tunis
program of the high-level meeting on the information society, which have
enshrined the fact that the Internet is a public resource of a global nature and
the fact today is that the use of the Internet is in the hands of only one
corporation and doesn't guarantee an equal use of this very important
informational resource which has very large impact on the social and economic
activities of human beings. During previous meetings, this issue was raised and
was supported by participants, the issues of the internationalization of the use
of the Internet is one of the central areas of activities of the forum.  And it
was thought very soon the process of reforms will begin of ICANN in light of the
negotiation of the contract.  But the representative of the Department of
Commerce of the United States to ICANN has said that the process of reforming
ICANN may be postponed for an undefined period of time.  And this is why we
believe that this issue should be discussed during the morning session. In
Hyderabad.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Hyderabad. There is, of course, a session on arrangements for
Internet governance, which is presumably where you would wish to pick this issue
up.  That is one of the sessions in Hyderabad. Critical Internet resources is on
the agenda in Hyderabad. Let me just say that listening to what people -- did
you want to comment? Can I just ask who else wants to speak before I end this
agenda item? Anybody else?  No.  Eurolinc, please.

>>EUROLINC:   I'm going to speak in French, although sometimes I must say the
interpretation is not very accurate. I think the distinction must be made
between the content, which must be applied in the framework of the
implementation of the Geneva guidelines for action, and the problem of access
instruments.  And the instruments for access, effectively, and its governance
falls within the purview of this forum.  However, if we involve problems of
content, it's my impression that the problems of access are lost. And as to the
problem of multilingualism, I am the focal point for the dynamic coalition on
this, we draw a distinction clearly between these two aspects. Lastly, this
forum must also be able to be a place where different options can be expressed
in connection with the techniques which make it possible to have access to the
network.  I don't mean just Internet.  I mean to the network.  So that is a
principal message.  Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. Okay.  I think there are several things I take away
from this discussion which I hope the MAG will look at. One set of issues
basically relates to the connection between the morning workshops and the
afternoon sessions, whatever we call them.  Let me provisionally call them
policy dialogues.  But the MAG will have to discuss the various questions which
have been raised, which reflect also what people expect out of that.  The extent
to which there would be --  The important thing is, they must not become
repetitions of what we have done in the morning.  And there are various ways in
which the connection between the two can be extended.  Several suggestions have
been made, like, for instance the participation of the moderator or keynote
speaker for the afternoon session in the morning workshop so that they're not
starting from scratch, so to speak, but are informed by what came out of the
workshops.  A strong effort at structuring the workshops so that at the end
there is some clear statement of issues which need to be taken up in the
session. There have been several suggestions, things, questions raised here
about what is it that we are talking about.  Several people have, for instance,
in the context of multilingualism emphasized that what we are talking about is
governance, not necessarily content issues.  But I think we will have to be
realistic and say, in an open forum, you can't always make sure that people talk
only to the agenda.  Well, that's true here also. But -- we cannot always ensure
that people talk only to the agenda. But, nevertheless, I think the expectation
of what we want people to talk about should be reasonably clear. But I hope the
MAG will take this issue up. A second thing which came across to me fairly
clearly is, I think many people sensed, expressed, if you like, a certain
concern that in this effort at sort of the four themes, the workshops, and the
subsequent debate, will we lose sight of the cross-cutting issues? 
Cross-cutting issues like human and institutional capacity-building, the
developmental dimension, if you like, the rights and re- -- may I add, it should
be in the rights and responsibilities dimension, would we lose sight of that,
Colin Oliver mentioned innovation and technology issue as something which cuts
across all of the six themes, workshop themes, that we have, whether you're
talking of access, of multilingualism, cybercrime, security, privacy, openness,
transition from IPv4 to 6 or arrangement with governments. And we will have to
find a way of making sure that, on the last day, we draw together the lessons
with regard to these cross-cutting themes from all of the sessions, apart from
trying to reflect it in each session also.  Some message at the end on what is
it that is -- what this has to say with regard to human and institutional
capacity, with regard to public-policy design, with regard to innovation and
technology, with regard to Internet rights and responsibilities.  Maybe
necessarily I'm not sure we know how, but I hope the MAG will address this
issue. There are a couple of other things also which I mentioned which are not
directly subsumed under this.  The whole question of the reference documents,
which Markus clarified.  The question that has been raised about reporting back
sessions.  There was this issue which was raised by only one speaker about the
term "Internet for all." I'm not sure to ETNO that I will say this necessarily
implies an automatic, universal service obligation.  We have used terms like
this for health.  We have used it for education.  We have used it in many other
areas where the implication was not in terms of a universal service obligation,
but more in terms of what people have a right to expect, how the system is to be
designed so that if they -- that they can -- they're not disbarred from
accessing it. So these are some of the issues that probably come to mind.
Nevertheless, you have raised the issues, I'm sure the MAG will consider this
when it meets over the next couple of days. I think there are a lot of very
valuable suggestions which have come.  One in particular which I wish -- I hope
we will be able to pursue more effectively, though it's not directly connected
with the agenda for Hyderabad, is trying to document better the specific
instances where the IGF process has helped in concrete action, particularly at
the national, possibly at the regional level also. Because I think it's
important that we understand what are the bits in our working processes which do
have some value, and then see how we can preserve that value or enhance it in
the IGF. There are many other things, I'm sure, that we will derive, because
fortunately, most of the MAG members are here, and apart from me, they also have
been listening to this discussion. So I will take this away.  And on the basis
of this, have a -- sort of continue to refine the substantive program for the
Hyderabad conference. We now have just five minutes left, and I'm not sure
that's going to be able to cover the logistical issues.  Perhaps when we come
back we will take up the logistical -- a briefing by our Indian host on the
logistical arrangements which are being made in Hyderabad, and any questions
that you have. And after that, we will have the other two items, the discussion
of the dynamic coalitions and the discussion on how do we go about the whole
exercise of the evaluation. I would like to stress that the purpose of that
second discussion is not to come to any closure on this, because the evaluation
is not due for another year and a half, at least; but to start thinking about
how do we do it.  And any ideas, suggestions that you have in this open
consultation would be most valuable and would then be taken to the MAG as well
as to the Secretary-General in New York. So thank you very much. Mr. (saying
name) has lost his badge.  He is welcome to come and collect it, if he is still
here. Not here?  All right. So thank you very much.  We reassemble at 3:00 here.
(Lunch recess.)

IGF Consultations Geneva, Switzerland 16 September, 2008 Afternoon session

[ Gavel. ]

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Can we just start, please?  Please, settle down. We -- China
wants to have a word on -- still on the earlier agenda item.  So we are -- may I
just request them.  And then after that, we'll have a quick briefing on the
logistical arrangements in India.  Then we move on to the dynamic coalitions.
Yes, China.

>>CHINA:   Thank you.  Thank you, Mr. Chairman. First of all, I would like to
express on behalf of the Chinese government's delegation to express our thanks
to the IGF secretariat, its thanks to your thoughtful preparations that all
stakeholders can express their views and have a consultation on the Hyderabad
meeting to be held later this year. I would like to put forward several
comments.  First of all, as to the program and the agenda of the meeting, I
think during the meetings in February and in May, we have already -- we have
already had debate on this in a constructive manner.  And nowadays, the agenda
reflects the concerns of all parties, the overall concerns of all parties. We
are pleased to see that the Secretary-General of the United Nations has already
accepted the consensus reached during the two previous IGFs.  And it was
reflected in the invitation to all participants to the Hyderabad IGF.  So I
think that this session should concentrate on logistics and on relative
arrangements for the Hyderabad meeting so that we can ensure success of the
Hyderabad IGF. Secondly, we think and we hope that, thanks to efforts by all
parties, the Hyderabad IGF can become a Rio plus.  And to achieve this, I think
we need to solve one particular issue.  It's to ensure that we have a real
interactive session among all participants, to avoid that participants are there
only merely to attend the session held by panelists, and so that the
participants are not merely audience for the panelist session. I think during
the meetings in February and in May, we have held very extensive consultation on
this issue, and we have already arrived at the term used for the afternoon
session, which is the term "debates." I have listened carefully to the
interventions by other participants, and I heard that there was a proposal to
add "debates" and "dialogue." I think it's not important whether we use one term
or the other for the afternoon session, but, rather, what is important is the
objective that we need to achieve.  If we are using the traditional way of
dialogue in previous sessions, then we need to clearly know that who is holding
a dialogue with whom.  Is it a dialogue among panelists themselves or panelists
with the moderators? We hope that, actually, the Hyderabad meeting can
contribute to dialogue among all participants so that the participants cannot be
merely an audience, but, really, real genuine participants in the session, and
to be a party in the dialogue, in the debate.  Otherwise, IGF would only be a
kind of conversation.  And IGF would be a kind of chat room, I mean, like the
conversation room.  So how can we achieve the  the objectives, the mandate
entrusted to us by the Tunis summit.  We have an old Chinese saying that says,
when you debate, then the truth becomes more evident. And Internet governance,
when we are facing with so much difficulty in the public sector, I think it is
on the public-policy issues, I think IGF should genuinely provide an opportunity
and a forum for all parties to engage in debates.  And I think this is key to
the success for the Hyderabad IGF. Thirdly, I would like to thank, again, the
Indian government for the preparation and for their thoughtful arrangement for
the Hyderabad IGF.  And I'm convinced that with a hosting country as the Indian
government and with the Indian people as hosts, the Hyderabad IGF will achieve
resounding success. I thank you, Mr. Chairman.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you. Now, I believe it's very helpful.  Little quick
calculations.  There are roughly 100 people in this room.  And about 30 of them
spoke in the morning session, which took about 150 minutes.  So we -- that was
roughly an average of five minutes per person.  So one-third of the people could
participate.  And, on average, the time available was five minutes per person.
So now the question is, when we have 1,000 people participating in -- it's ten
times the number -- how are we going to do that?  And I think the point I take
is very sound, that we must ensure interaction.  That people will not come to
IGF simply to listen to experts.  They also want to come to contribute their
views and their opinions.  So I think it's very important that we, the MAG, when
it looks at the arrangements for the afternoon sessions particularly, really
gives some thought to how do we ensure that we have the maximum number of people
being able to join in that discussion and debate.  That, I think, is -- Okay. 
Can I have a quick -- we have to review the logistical arrangements in Hyderabad
before we move on to the dynamic coalitions. Oh, you want to use -- want to
present something on the --

>>INDIA:   Thank you, Chair.  At the outset, I would like to mention that the
government of India is very keen to ensure that all the logistic arrangements
for the third meeting of the IGF are handled in a manner which ensures that the
host country agreement provisions are fully complied with. Having said that, I
will come straightaway to two or three points which would be of immediate
interest to the delegates likely to participate. First would be the question of
accommodation. I understand that the IGF registrations have commenced from the
10th of September.  We in India have nominated event manager for the event per
se, and our Web site should be ready by 24th of September. Mr. Kummer, the
executive coordinator, is likely to be in New Delhi on the 23rd and 24th, when
all these aspects relating to the facilitation for the delegates would be worked
out to the minutest details. I expect that all the arrangements to enable
booking should be in place by the end of September.  By 30th of September, we
would think all the aspects regarding the availability of rooms, the tariff, et
cetera, should be fully known to all the delegates. I would like to see that it
is done by the 25th, but I would think that, being realistic, 30th is the
correct date. The second aspect I would like to mention is that there is a hotel
appertinent to the venue, the Hyderabad International Convention Center.  This
hotel is known as the Novotel Hotel.  The earlier planning missions of the IGF,
led by Mr. Markus Kummer, have detailed that the MAG delegates be housed in the
Novotel Hotel adjacent to the venue in order that all the MAG meetings could
take place as early as possible and it becomes convenient for the MAG delegates.
This aspect has been factored in in our discussions with the Novotel
authorities. U.N. delegates, also as per the executive coordinator's viewpoints,
would be housed within the Novotel Hotel. The third aspect is, as the host
country, we would be providing for transportation from the Hyderabad
international airport to the respective hotels wherever the delegates would be
housed, and then also during the course of the event, the inter-hotel transfers
to the venue would be done.  This is to ensure that all delegates are able to
attend the sessions in time and without any delay. These aspects have been
worked out to a fair degree of details, which we will go through with Mr. Kummer
once again during his visit in September 2008. The third aspect is with regard
to grant of gratis visa.  We have already discussed this issue with our Ministry
of External Affairs, and they will be shortly issuing letters to all the
embassies and high commissions around the world. My request to the IGF
secretariat is, no sooner the names of delegates are known, when their
registration is confirmed, if they could share this information with the host
country's officials, it will enable us to do two actions:  To inform the
respective hotels and confirm them that so-and-so are the delegates, so that the
list of delegates is available, and our event managers are able to see that the
delegates are properly accommodated in the hotels they desire to be housed in. 
And also, that the names are shared with our Ministry of External Affairs and
conveyed through them to our diplomatic missions around the world so that the
delegates do not have any waiting time in respect to the grant of visas. These
were the points that I wanted to mention.  And we, as the host country, are very
eager to play host to the delegates from around the world, and the traditional
Indian hospitality will be on show. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Any questions? May I just add one thing from my side, which is
I think that I would urge delegates who also recognize that security will be
tight. So when you will be coming with lots of equipment, et cetera, et cetera,
do budget for that in terms of time. Because security will have to be tight,
again, for any large meeting in any part of the world. But right now,
particularly so in India. But I would just urge that you keep that all in mind
when organizing your meetings, particularly if it involves the participation of
people who are not registered delegates, and so on. Any other questions? Yes?
Mr. Muguet.

>>FRANCIS MUGUET:  Yes, I would like the Secretariat to provide more information
about the financial mechanism to help civil society, mostly civil society from
developing countries, to attend this meeting. And also, as well, to have the
list, at least the names of the new donors, and how is evolving the situation in
terms of funding of the IGF. Thank you.

>>SECRETARY KUMMER:   Thank you for this question. We have actually made some
information available also on our Web site.  We have a list with frequently
asked questions, and one question is precisely asking whether there's any
financial assistance. But we do have, you will recall, the funds the government
of Canada generously made available for the purpose of financing participation
from participants from developing countries.  And we have given the contact
address at the ITU. I don't know whether the delegate from Canada would like to
add something, or the representative of the ITU.  But we have already made use
of these funds for this meeting here and were able to finance some MAG members
through these funds. Yesterday, we had a meeting to discuss these aspects, and
there was also a representative of ISOC, mentioned that ISOC has its own
program.  Maybe we can also make this information available on our Web site.
Lastly, the situation as to the funding, we discussed all the aspects of the
financing of the IGF trust fund which is, in the more narrower sense, the
funding of the Secretariat. And the biggest contribution is, of course, the host
country.  That is the biggest part of the budget related to the IGF as a whole. 
But the financing of the Secretariat, if that's what you are interested in,
there is no particular new development, and the donors are listed on our Web
site. We have some donors who indicated they will renew their contribution, and
others are considering. But on the whole, we have been able to broaden the
financial basis.  We now have -- I would have to search a bit in my statistics,
but I think we have roughly 7, 8 governments who have contributed, and we also
have increasingly contributions from the private sector which is greatly
acknowledged.  But these contributions do not allow us to finance participation
on the scale the contribution of Canada allows us to help participants. It is
enough to help some of the MAG members with travel, and it allows us also to
finance the fellowship program we have with the DiploFoundation. We have two
fellows, they are not in this room right now, working with us.  One is from
Western Samoa, and the other one is from Rwanda.  So this is basically a very
positive program which gives us capacity, and at the same time it gives the
fellows participating through the program, gives them capacity when they return
back to their country. But this is a very short update on the funding.  And with
your permission, Mr. Chairman, just briefly, also, to tie up what our Indian
friend said about the logistics of the meeting. We will be blessed with
ultra-modern infrastructure in the convention center, but now also, since the
last meeting, they have opened the new airport.  So in Hyderabad, you have a
state of the art airport which will certainly facilitate the transiting. And the
last remark may be, if you do have any questions, please send us the questions.
We will share them with our Indian host.  Some of them we can answer, some of
them they can answer, but we will expand on our frequently asked questions.  And
I hear that some people found them already quite useful. There are many detailed
questions which are easier to answer in a broad community than if you have to
answer each e-mail with these detailed questions. Thank you.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Incidentally, I may add that the airport is state of the art,
but the road from the airport is not. [ Laughter ]

>>CHAIR DESAI:   So --

>>SECRETARY KUMMER:   It is the first 500 meters.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   It's a little far away. So there is a fair amount of time
involved. Yes, Madam Cavalli.

>>OLGA CAVALLI:   Thank you, Mr. Chair.  I will read a statement in the name of
the IGF remote participation project. Since the beginning of 2008, a group of
interested IGF participants from many civil society organizations has come
together and has been voluntarily working to propose concrete mechanisms that
could enhance remote participation in the IGF Hyderabad. This group proposed the
creation of IGF hubs.  These hubs would hold local or regional meetings, which
would exhibit the Webcast of the IGF as well as hold panels and roundtables, to
discuss the themes of the IGF from a local perspective. This forum should serve
as a stimulus or a starting point for the debate of local and regional issues
and implications for the development and participation of a network of
interested people. Until now, the following organizations have volunteered to
organize local hubs. From Brazil, organization is City of Knowledge from
University of São Paulo. In Egypt, organization is National Telecommunication
Regulatory Authority. In India, in New Delhi and Mumbai, organizations are
Rajesh Aggarwal and Nikhil Aggarwal. In Mauritius, organization is Internet
child safety Foundation. In Argentina, the organization is Internet Society
Argentina Chapter where I am a member. We urge the Secretariat to acknowledge
and support this and other initiatives to involve groups of stakeholders who do
not have the resources to attend the IGF in Hyderabad.  In particular, technical
support information and collaboration are needed immediately to avoid severely
hand handicapping this and other efforts. The Working Group asks the MAG to give
attention to this project in the meetings that will take place on the 17th and
18th of September and to discuss the details required to move the project
forward. It is of ultimate importance to provide the necessary information to
the people involved and to formally include the Hyderabad organization on this
discussion. We also invite suggestions, collaborations, and affiliations for
other regional hubs to include more under-represented and under-involved
stakeholders. The Internet governance community can find more information on the
Web page which is www.igfremote.com which will soon change to .org, which is
currently in development.  Or any interested party who want to organize hubs can
get in touch with MariliaM@diplomacy.edu, or  VirginiaP@diplomacy.edu, or you
can contact me. Thank you very much.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   That was very helpful.  I hope people have noted down the
addresses, but otherwise it will be there on the Web site.  It will be there on
the Web. Yes.  This is on the logistical arrangement.

>>ANDREA SAKS:  Thank you, Mr. Chairman. One of the things our dynamic coalition
did, and this is the dynamic coalition on accessibility and disability, is
provide guidelines for people with disabilities.  The paper is on the Web.  I am
not going to take a long time in explaining it.  It's already on the Web.  We
submitted it on Friday.  And it deals with logistics for people with
disabilities as well as communication tools. I'm delighted to see captioning. 
These lovely ladies are doing a fantastic job, but things, for instance, like
the hub should also contain time stamped captioning so that afterwards, the
Webcast can be viewed by other people at a later date with the captioning
intact. It is not a criticism of what happened in Rio, but we did collect
comments from disabled people who attended Rio who told us of our experiences,
and we felt that the dynamic coalition of accessibility and disability should
also be a tool for the IGF to help make IGF meetings in the future more
accessible, especially for those, that 10% of that billion, or billions you are
talking about, because the U.N. convention states 10% of the population of all
people are disabled in some form, either temporarily or permanently. So we hope
this document will be useful to our hosts and to the Secretariat of the IGF for
now and for the future, and thank you for letting me just tell you of its
presence.

>>CHAIR DESAI:   Thank you.  That's very helpful.  And I think we should
certainly have a look at access issues in Hyderabad.  I think it should be okay
in Hyderabad, in terms of disabled access and so on.  It's a very new center, so
that should be okay. It should be okay in Hyderabad. But we will have a look. So
thank you very much. I think this is more or less what we have on the logistics.
 Let's move on to the other items.  The next item on our agenda is the dynamic
coalitions.  These, as you know, are things that developed out of Athens.  The
idea was that when people came together, there were areas of joint action that
they could think of.  They came together voluntarily, and since, in some ways,
the IGF was responsible for their coming together, there is a connection with
the IGF process, and the Web site does report the -- what has been done on the
dynamic coalitions, and there are many of them -- there are 14 dynamic
coalitions.  And I'm not going to read off the whole list of them.  The list is
available at the Web site.  And I think it's useful if we have a brief
discussion on this. There's one particular dynamic coalition which I wanted to
emphasize, because it's an area where the IGF process, particularly the
discussions in Rio, have had a very positive impact, and that's the dynamic
coalition on child safety, on online child sa