There was broad support for the view that libraries play several roles in ensuring meaningful connectivity for more people: providing free or low-cost internet access, digital literacy training, and access to digital materials. Several speakers emphasised the importance of such access and services for vulnerable or marginalized populations.
Similarly, many speakers highlighted the impact of policy interventions supporting public access in libraries. It was pointed out that public access in libraries serves to meet a wide range of broader societal needs, which are often universal across various national contexts. These include access to e-learning and e-health services, conducting online businesses and making use of financial services, accessing government and public services online. Similarly, it can support youth skills development, empower women and girls, and bring communities together.
Many speakers pointed to Universal Service Funds as a way to support and broaden public access in libraries. This can be particularly relevant in light of World Wide Web Foundation's 2018 report, which points out that a significant number of Universal Service and Access Funds are currently dormant, underused or inactive. Making use of these funds to ensure public access in libraries and similar facilities could therefore be an effective way to foster digital inclusion.
Several speakers addressed the question of financial sustainability of public access solutions and policy initiatives supporting them. Many speakers suggested different ways this can be ensured - whether through government support, by libraries themselves, by local communities or other partners (e.g. from the civil society or private sectors).
Finally, several speakers pointed to the relationship between public access in libraries and other connectivity models to bring the next billion(s) online. For example, libraries can work with local communities to support community network projects, or provide connectivity to offside locations through TVWS technology.
